Digital SAT Reading and Writing Practice Question #412

Text 1 Ecologists have long observed that anthropogenic environments, such as heavily polluted urban centers, can drive rapid evolutionary changes in local wildlife. A classic example is industrial melanism in the peppered moth, wherein soot-covered trees heavily favored the survival of darker-winged variants. Such cases have led many biologists to conclude that extreme urban pressures inevitably force wildlife to adapt in highly predictable, uniform morphological directions. Text 2 Recent genomic sequencing of the white-footed mouse in New York City has revealed a fascinating metabolic adaptation: the mice have evolved the ability to safely digest highly processed human food waste. However, when researchers compared isolated mouse populations across different city parks, they discovered that completely distinct, non-overlapping genetic mutations were responsible for this metabolic shift in each respective park. Based on the texts, how would the authors of Text 2 most likely characterize the conclusion drawn in Text 1 regarding the predictability of adaptations?