In linguistics, the "poverty of the stimulus" argument asserts that children learn language far too quickly and accurately given the fragmented, frequently grammatically imperfect speech they hear from adults. From this observation, Noam Chomsky concluded that humans must possess an innate, biologically hardwired "language acquisition device" to bridge the gap between flawed input and perfect grammatical output. However, connectionist models in computer science utilize highly complex neural networks that can learn sophisticated grammatical rules entirely from exposure to flawed, unannotated datasets, operating entirely without any pre-programmed linguistic rules. If connectionist models accurately reflect human cognition, it logically suggests that __________